Human Genetic Engineering: The Historical Perspective

Description of the human races: A historical perspective

Genetic Improvement – an Historical Perspective

Dairy producers have selected for higher milk production for many years. Genetic improvement causes an average Holstein cow born in 2003 to produce over 7,000 pounds more milk in one lactation than her ancestor born in 1960 produced. Type traits, particularly udders and feet and legs, have also improved because of intensive selection. However, the health and fertility of dairy cows cannot be in...

Genetic disorders of bone - An historical perspective.

Individuals with constitutional diseases of the skeleton attract attention because of their smaller size, because of deformities, and/or because of the disproportion between body parts. Individuals with achondroplasia, a common skeletal short stature condition, have short arms and legs, a head that is usually larger than normal, and a typical facial appearancewith a prominent forehead and a sun...

The human microbiota: an historical perspective

The discovery by Antony van Leeuwenhoek in 1683 that we have a microbiota was very surprising and undoubtedly of great interest to 17th‐century scientists. However, as modern‐day researchers know only too well, this alone is not suffi­ cient to ensure continued investigation of a subject. Further research into the microbes that inhabit humans proceeded at a very slow pace until it was realized ...

The Local Limit Theorem: A Historical Perspective

The local limit theorem describes how the density of a sum of random variables follows the normal curve. However the local limit theorem is often seen as a curiosity of no particular importance when compared with the central limit theorem. Nevertheless the local limit theorem came first and is in fact associated with the foundation of probability theory by Blaise Pascal and Pierre de Fer...